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A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 5
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Enabling H
2
fueled gas turbines
• A new Direct Numerical Simulations was
completed in early 2015 (figure previous
page), and data analysis has revealed import-
ant aspects of flashback occurring in a stratified (non-homogeneously mixed) reactants
in hydrogen-fired gas turbines. Stratified
combustion is a highly relevant condition to
modern low NOx gas turbine combustors.
• Analysis of a second set of DNS datasets,
representing injection of three IGCC-type
syngas fuels with different degree of carbon
capture (H
2
-N
2
only, CO-lean H
2
-N
2
, CO-rich
H
2
-N
2
), revealed that flame anchoring
characteristics are nearly unaffected by the
specific fuel composition as long as hydrogen
is present in the fuel.
Oxy-fuel technologies
• Oxy-fuel combustion at a scale that is relevant
for actual gas turbines has
been studied using the
HIPROX facility (figure
to the right). The burner
developed at SINTEF has
been tested at thermal
power loads up to 40
kW and 5 bar pressure.
The potential for emis-
sions of unburned CO is
quantified as a function
of parameters such as
pressure, power, oxygen
concentration and excess.
• In order to demonstrate
a gas fired oxy-fuel cycle, DEMOXYT Infra
structure, the commercial 100 kW
e
gas tur-
bine has been delivered and commissioned in
2015, as part of RCN ECCSEL Phase 2 project.
• In the quest for lowering energy penalty
in CCS concepts, the use of Exhaust Gas
Recirculation (EGR) in pre-combustion power
cycles are studied. The potential benefit of the
technique has been published in terms of NOx
emissions from the hydrogen fired gas turbine.
• The scientific output in 2015 has been four
peer-reviewed publications in journals, 3
conference presentations, and the coordination
of a workshop on “DNS for solid fuel flames”.
Looping technologies
• The 150 kW CLC rig has been further
modified and the heat-up of the entire reactor
system to temperatures above 900°C (suitable
for oxygen carrier particles, ilmenite) is
successfully achieved.
• The PhD candidate has developed a numerical
simulation tool for the fluid and particle flows
in the 150 kW CLC reactor. The tool currently
handles both reactors individually, consider-
ing chemical reactions in the reactors.
• New durable high capacity oxygen carrier
materials, based on CaMn(Ti)O
3
system
substituted with iron, have been developed.
Three different batches of materials produced
in amounts suitable for the 3 kW hot rig and
by methods that is possible to scale up has
been tested and evaluated (figure below).
• In continuation of the work on High Tempera-
ture CO
2
Sorbent, we have studied the effects
of steam and how this influences the working
capacity of CaO and calcined dolomite (MgO-
Scanning electron micrographs of CaMn(Ti)O3 subsituted with Fe. From left to right: overall view, focus on
one granule, cross-section of a granule.
HIPROX facility