Årbok 2013

62 / 130

strengthened regulations for land use. construction and geotechnical design in quick clay
areas (ref. /11/). For all new construction projects in areas with quick clay (known or
unknown). the guidelines give Clear instructioos for how to deal with the geotechnical issues.
The reduction is substantial for naturally triggered slides. However, at the same time there
seems to be an increase for slides triggered by human activity, indicating that dissemination
to involved parties of existing knowtedge abowt quick clay hazards - and existing legislation -
still is important.
References
/1/ Eide, O. (1955). NGI-publication no. 11. Skredet ved Bekkelaget i Oslo 7. oktober
1953.
121 Bjerrum, L. (1954): Geotechnical properties of Norwegian marine clays. Geotechnique
1954, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 49-69.
/3/ Rosenqvist, I.Th. (1955): NGI-publication no. 9. lnvestigations in the clay-electrolyte–
water system.
141 Aas, G. 1979: NIF-kurs. Skredfare og arealplanlegging. Vurdering av skredfare og
sikringstiltak. Kapittel 12. Kvikkleireskred.
/5/ Torrance, J.K. (1974): A laboratory investigation of the effect of leaching on the
compressibility and shear strength of Norwegian marine clays. Geotechnique, 24, voL
3, pp. 155-173, also NGI-publ. 104.
161 Bjerrum, L., Løken, T., Heiberg, S., Foslter. R. (1969): A field study of factors
responsible for quick clay slides. Proc. lnt. Conf. Soil Mech. Found. Eng., 7, Mexico,
vol. 2, pp. 531-540. Also n NGI-publ. 85, pp. 17-26.
171 NGI (1981): The quick clay landslide at Rissa- 1978. Documentary movie.
/8/ Karlsrud, K., Aas G., Gregersen, O. (1984): Can we predict landslide hazard in soft
sensitive clays? Summary of Norwegian practice and experiences. Proc. 4mlnt. Symp.
On Landslides, Toronto, 1984, voL 1, pp. 107-130. Also inNGI-pubL no. 158, 1985.
/9/ Karlsrud, K. (2006): Overview of triggering factor for large quick ciay landslides 1950-
2000.
1101 Lacasse, S. (2013): 8th Terzaghi oration. Protecting society from landslides - the role of
the geotechnical engineer. Proc. 18 111 ICSMGE, Paris 2013.
/1 1/ NVE (2011 ). Retningslinjer 2/2011. Flaum- og skredfare i arealplanar. Revidert
15. april 201 1. ISSN: 1501 - 981 O.
1121 Kalsnes, B.G., Gjelsvik, V., Jostad, H.P., Lacasse, S. and Nadim, F. (2013): Risk
assessment for quick clay slides - the Norwegian practice. 1•• lnt. Workshop Landslides
in Sensitive Clays, Quebec, Oct. 2013.
/13/ NGI (2002). Program for økt sikkerhet mot leirskred- Metode for kartlegging og
klassifisering av faresoner, kvikkleire. Rapport nr. 20001008-2, Rev. 3, 8. oktober 2008.
/14/ Gregersen, O. (1981): The quick clay landslide in Rissa, Norway. Proc. lnt. Conf. on
Soil Mechanics and Foundation Eng., 10, Stockholm, 1981, vol. 3, pp. 421-426. Also in
NGI-publ. 135.
/15/ Grimstad G., Jostad H.P. and Andresen L. (201 0). Capacity analysis with the non-local
strain approach as regularization technique for strain softening behavior, Proc. 9111
HSTAM International Congress of Mechanics, Limassol, Cyprus, 12-14 July 2010.
60